Recreation Reports

All reports on this site are downloadable for no charge. Costs associated with each report pertain to hard copies ordered directly from ITRR and do not apply to downloaded information.

Natural Resource Recreation

RR 2007-1
Montana's Outfitting Industry: Economic Impact and Industry-Client Analysis
(instructions to download and print)
Authors: Norma Nickerson, Christine Oschell, Lee Rademaker, Robert Dvorak
March 2007, 41pp., $12.00
The purpose of this study was to assess the current status and future of the outfitting and guiding industry in Montana through an analysis of the economic contribution, a supply side inventory, and the client-guide experiences.

RR 2006-4
Visitor Profile of Snowcoach Passengers in West Yellowstone, MT
(instructions to download and print)
Authors: Norma Nickerson, Robert Dvorak, James Wilton (Posthumous)
August 2006, 21pp., $10.00
The purpose of this study was to provide an understanding of who is using the West Yellowstone snowcoach, why they are visiting, and what encouraged them to take a snowcoach trip.

TH 2005-1
Recreation on the Upper Yellowstone River: A Study of Use and Place
(instructions to download and print)
Author: Megan K. McBride
May 2005, 150 pp., $30.00
The purpose of this thesis was to gain an understanding of recreation users of the upper Yellowstone River and their attachment to the river. Results show that recreationists participate in a variety of activities and are satisfied with their experience. Findings indicate, however, that individuals’ emotional connection to the watershed is being changed and challenged through increasing development along the banks of the upper Yellowstone River.

RR 2002-9
Analysis of the Wilderness Experience on Commercially Guided Trips
(instructions to download and print)
Authors: Norma Nickerson and Clint Cook, July 2002, 28 pp., $12.00
The purpose of this study was to describe commercially guided wilderness visitor experiences and the factors that influence the experience. The Bob Marshall Wilderness Complex (BMWC) was the area chosen for the study. Forty-one clients were interviewed at the trailhead exit immediately following their commercially guided horsepack trip into the BMWC. Five common Experience dimensions emerged from the data.

TCR 2000-1a, 1b, 1c, 1d
1999 Missouri-Madison Recreation Survey
(instructions to download and print)
Four reports were produced following the 1999 Missouri-Madison Recreation Survey administered by ITRR for PPL Montana from May 1999 through September 1999. The primary purpose of the study is to provide an update to the information from the 1994-95 study which was used for development of the comprehensive recreation management plan for the corridor.

TCR 2000-2
1999 Canyon Ferry Recreation Survey
(instructions to download and print 'Canyon Ferry 99.pdf', 405 KB)
Authors: Brian Glaspell, Norma Nickerson, March 2000, 207 pp., $39.00
Results of a recreation study conducted for the Bureau of Reclamation in conjuction with PPL Montana on recreation areas adjacent to the Missouri and Madison Rivers, Montana. Provides basis for current BOR recreation management plan for the Canyon Ferry Reservoir.

RR 68
Recreation Participation Patterns by Montana Residents
(instructions to download and print)
Authors: J. Allen Ellard, Norma P. Nickerson, Kim McMahon, Sept 1999, 35pp., $12.00
Results of a year-long study of resident travel and recreation in Montana. This report describes typical resident recreation patterns as well as annual, seasonal, and monthly participation. It also compares recreation participation of residents with different income levels, household type (with vs. without children), and discusses the value of Montana's natural resources for recreational purposes.

TCR 98-6
Expenditure Profiles and Marketing Responsiveness of Nonresident Visitor Groups to Montana
(instructions to download and print the file 'expends.pdf', 620 KB)
Authors: Kim McMahon and Kristin Aldred Cheek
September 1998, 71 pp., $18.00
Provides expenditure characteristics of nonresident visitors in Montana during the summer, winter, and shoulder seasons. Examines total expenditures by groups as well as distribution of expenditures by sector of spending. Travel groups are characterized by season of visit, primary reason for trip to Montana, area of travel groups residence, and primary recreation attraction to Montana. Also explores the issue of marketing responsiveness and provides a discussion on which groups are most likely to respond to promotional marketing and why.

TCR96-3
1995 Canyon Ferry Recreation Survey, Results of the Study
Authors: R. Neil Moisey and Eric Schultz
August 1996, 159 pp., $31.00
This information summarizes the results of a recreation survey on Canyon Ferry Reservoir conducted from July 1995 to September 1995. About 530 visitors completed questionnaires at 15 recreation sites.

TCR96-1
1994-95 Missouri Madison Recreation Survey
(instructions to download and print the file 'mpcfinal.pdf' (602 KB)
Authors: R. Neil Moisey, Stephen F. McCool, and Eric Schultz
March 1996, 237 pp., $44.00
Summarizes the results of a year-round recreation survey on a 300 mile section of the Madison and Missouri Rivers from October 1994 to September 1995. About 5,000 visitors completed questionnaires at 100 recreation sites.

TCR96-1a
Comparative Analysis of Madison River Recreation Use,
Supplement to the 1994-95 Missouri Madison Recreation Survey
(instructions to download and print the file 'contrast.pdf' (113 KB)
Author: R. Neil Moisey
March 1996, 39 pp., $13.00
This report compares the characteristics of recreation use on the Madison River. This report is one of four separate documents from the 1994-95 Missouri Madison Recreation Survey.

TCR96-1b
Tables of Visitor Characteristics by Recreation Site,
Supplement to the 1994-95 Missouri Madison Recreation Survey
(instructions to download and print the file 'sitetbls.pdf' (403 KB)
Author: R. Neil Moisey
March 1996, 250 pp., $45.00
This report contains tables for the 1994-95 Missouri Madison Recreation Survey by recreation site. This report is one of four separate documents from the study.

TCR96-1c
Visitor Comments by Recreation Site,
Supplement to the 1994-95 Missouri Madison Recreation Survey
Authors: R. Neil Moisey
March 1996, 211 pp., $39.00
This report contains the visitor comments from the 1994-95 Missouri Madison Recreation Survey by recreation site. This report is one of four separate documents from the study.

RR37
1994 Montana Statewide Trail Inventory
Authors: Susan Yuan, Michael Yuan, and Jerry Covault
October 1994 70 pp., $18.00
$10.00 with database
Results of an effort to inventory all trails in Montana that are accessible to the public. Trails on both public and private land are included. A variety of information about each trail was collected including: location, nearest town to trailhead, administering agency, elevation range, and prohibited uses. The report summarizes research methodology and various information from the inventory. The entire inventory of trails is available on computer disk (in .dbf format).

RR35
The Montana Trail Users Study (instructions to download and print the file 'trails.pdf', 289 KB)
Authors: Stephen F. McCool and Justin Harris
August 1994, 41 pp., $12.00
Presents participation rates by Montana residents for various activities on Montana trails. Motorized and non-motorized, winter and summer activities are included. Participant preferences as well as perceptions of conflict with other trail users and barriers to participation are summarized.

Wildlife Related Recreation

RR38
Preferences for Recreational Wildlife Viewing Experiences:
A Survey of Nonresident Visitors to Montana
Author: Steven R. Martin
January 1995, 43 pp., $12.00
Describes preferences for wildlife viewing experiences of visitors to Montana. Based on a survey during the summer and fall of 1993, respondents were grouped into three market segments based on frequency of past participation and commitment to wildlife and wildlife viewing. Segments are compared and contrasted in terms of preferences for wildlife viewing settings, interest in viewing various types of wildlife, interest in various types of information and information sources, participation in and travel patterns related to wildlife viewing on their Montana trip, expectations of and satisfaction with various aspects of their wildlife viewing experiences in Montana, other recreational activities most likely to be combined with wildlife viewing, and wildlife actually seen.

TCR95-1
Wildlife Viewing in Montana: An Overview
Author: Nancy Lee Menning
January 1995, 10 pp., $9.00
Summarizes information on wildlife viewing in Montana by residents and nonresidents, drawing from three studies conducted by the ITRR as well as the 1991 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation. The report displays national trends in wildlife viewing, resident and nonresident viewer characteristics and participation patterns in Montana, and resident preferences for viewing area enhancements and for program funding sources.

TCR94-2
Selected Annotated Bibliography of Publications
Relevant to Wildlife Viewing
Compiler: Nancy Lee Menning
October 1994, 55 pp., $15.00
Compilation of 397 references relevant to researchers and wildlife viewing program managers. Most citations are from refereed journals commonly available through university libraries. Of the 397 references, 110 are annotated. Topics referenced include: participation levels and characteristics; satisfaction, specialization, and involvement; expenditures and economic impact; valuation (including contingent valuation); attitudes toward animals and species preferences; program planning and development; program funding; recreation impacts on wildlife; and animal rights issues and antihunting/antitrapping sentiments. A matrix is provided to assist the reader in identifying literature sources pertaining to the various topics.

SOCSCI94
Social Science Perspectives on Wildlife Viewing
Author: Nancy Lee Menning
February 1994, 4 pp., $9.00
Text of conference presentation discussing: (1) how wildlife viewing participation compares to participation in hunting and angling, (2) whether wildlife viewers are antihunting, and (3) why understanding people's attitudes toward wildlife is important to wildlife managers.

TCR93-3
Riverside Bald Eagle Viewer Study
Authors: Walter L. Bradford and Stephen F. McCool
June 1993, 17 pp., $10.00
Presents viewer characteristics and local expenditures of Bald Eagle watchers at the Riverside Viewing Area and Canyon Ferry Visitor Center during the fall of 1992.

TCR92-1
Human Dimensions of Bald Eagle Viewing: A Literature Review
of the Social Values and Issues Associated With
Nonconsumptive Aspects of Wildlife
Authors: Theron Miller and Stephen F. McCool
June 1992, 14 pp., $9.00
Reviews literature about the characteristics, desires, perceptions, and behaviors of visitors interested in non-consumptive aspects of wildlife. Impacts on eagles and management strategies are emphasized.

RR19
Estimating the Effect of Elk Hunter Behavior
on Hunter Success: 1989-90
Author: Michael Yuan
March 1992, 137 pp., $29.00
Offers information about hunting strategies; success rates within specific cover types; hunter numbers, densities, and distribution; and amount of time spent hunting. This sociological information was collected for use by Idaho wildlife managers to model elk mortality rates.

TCR91-8
Characteristics of Recreationists Engaging in
Wildlife-Related Recreation
Authors: Neil Moisey and Stephen F. McCool
October 1991, 32 pp., $12.00
Characterizes people who view Montana wildlife. Includes information on Montana's residents, nonresident travelers, and National Forest visitors.

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To order publications, send a request by e-mail to itrr@forestry.umt.edu, or by regular mail to the Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research, 32 Campus Drive #1234, Missoula, MT 59812-1234. Include the publication number(s) that are listed in bold at the beginning of each description and enclose payment for the documents as listed. You can also call us with your request. Our telephone number is (406) 243-5686.

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